Shock-absorbing mechanism.



E. Jl YOUNG' PATENTE11DECQ1'7, 1907.

SHOCK ABSORBING MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.22. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

u* l S N 0 874150 B' J' YOUNG. PATENTED DEC 1'7, 190'7 SHOCK ABSORBING MECHANISM.

` APPLIGATION FILED M122, 190e.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

H654. SCALE #i60/NCH.

v 8cm.; (560mm.

EDGAR JOHN YOUNG, OF BUENOS AYRES, ARGENTINA.

SHOCK-ABSOBBING LDECHANISM.

Specification of :Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 17, 1907.

Application filed January 22. 1906. Serial No. 297.388.

To allfwhom itvmay concern.'

Be it known that I, EDGAR JOHN YOUNG,

a citizen of the4 United States,y residing at' Buenos Ayres, Argentina, have invented a new and Improved Shock Absorbing Mechanism, of which the following is the specification.

My invention has for-its object the production of 4a device which will act to destroy the effect either of impact or stopping ofv a moving mass, such as a train or elevator, and thus act as a safety device to prevent the, otherwise, result of the sudden Stoppa e rof a train `or of an elevator, such as a train collision, or where a train meets with an unexpected obstruction, l or the falling through space of an elevator, etc.

I will first describe the embodiment of my invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and then in the claims.

In the drawings: Figurev 1 is alongitudinal.

section of a buffer cylinder. Fig. 2 is an enlarged section of the piston. Fig. 3 is an end view of same. Fig. 4 represents a buffer c ar containing a number of buffer cylinders. Fig. 5 is an end view of same. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of an elevator shaft containing buffer cylinders.

C is a cylinder, having the head B of cast steel or bronze, which is firmly screwed to the cylinder. B isa flanged collar, screwed to the other end of the cylinder. This flanged collar is 'securely bolted to the fianged end B of the cylinder extension H.

Between the flange collar B and iiange B i is a thin sheet L of soft metal, such as lead which forms an air tigh;l barrier between the cylinder proper 4and th extension. o o are inlets to the cylinder O, which may be closed by threaded metal Stoppers. Through these openings a liquid is entered so as to comp etely fill the s ace between the sheet or plate-L and the cad B.

P is the piston head, R the iston rod, at the end of which is the bu er plate R'. Through the piston head are the orifices W. In these orifices are -screwed tubes E, referably of bronze. The ends of these tu es are closed by sheets S of soft metal. Within the tubes E are tubes F, preferably of steel and having sharpened edges, so that when they 'are driven against the metal at S and L, the

metal will be cut through.

A is an inlet pipe, through which compoint out the inventiony not shown. This pipe is provided with a check valve V, against back pressure.

N is an exhaust and outlet ort.

Under normal conditions, t e air entering at A is suflicient to hold the piston in the position shown in Fig. l. If the buffer is struck with sufficient force to overcome this pressure, the piston is forced forward and the cutting edges of the tubes F cut through the plates S and L, allowing the li uid in the cylinder O to pass through plate and openings W through the piston. The further movement of the piston ruptures the late L and the piston moves forward in cy nder L as rapidly as the liquid can pass from one side of thfavpiston to the other through the open-- ings In practice, Where my device is used, with railway trains, I' use the arrangement shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in which what call, a'buffer car 2 is used, upon which is mounted a plurality of these cylinders and pistons. As shown, there are fourteen. This car is interposed at any point of the train and the pressure entering the cylinders at A is sufficient to resist and prevent the movement of the piston' under the impact of the ordinary stoppage or obstructions of the train. When a greater resistance is met, the pistons are moved against this ressure with the action before described. he length ofI piston and size of opening W are calculated tostop a pressure to keep the piston from sheet L in` all moderate pushes, suchas When stopping or backing train. When, however, the impactexceeds the limit allowed, the cutters F of Fig. 2 are forced against the sheet metal, elippin at both ends the required sections for the eer outrush of water through W, W. The conditions are then fulfilled by the piston cutting past sheet L and plunging through the liquid with a determined area of outlet at agiven'y speed. The stoppage, as

es will` therefore be'proportional to pressed air is adapted to flow from a source l illustrated, Wouldibebrought about by employing two buffer cars, placed between baggage and mail. cars, each having a corresponding set of cylinders to ,oppose the buli'er. v

In Fig. 6, I show' my invention applied to an elevator. 'M is the elevator cage.

its appurtenant mechanism, the piston 10 of which cylinder may have, say, a movement of iifteen feet. the car. In the remaining distance of, say, 3() feet, the shaft is provided with a double cylinder 4, 5, of which 6, 7 are the piston rods. 12, 12, 12, 12 are strut arms, which travel along the guiding rails 15 in the shaft. rlhe cylinders and pistons are held in suspension,'just in contact with thev iixed stop 13, at the bottom of the shaft, by means of two wires (not shown) attached at 14, which wires are of such strength that -they will break when the bulierof piston 10 strikes the iston-rodv 6, this occurs when the elevator alls freely or beyond the desired speed.

Having now fully described myinvention, what I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a deviceI of the character described,4

in combination, a cylinder, or' plurality of Y cylinders, having closed ends adapted to contain liquid, t

contain liquid, the wall at `one end of said cylinder being adapted to be ruptured, an extension of said cylinder beyond said last mentioned wall, a piston and piston rod in said extension, there being a liquid passage or passages from one side to the other ofthe piston and means to normally hold said piston away from said wall.

2. In-a device of the character described, in combination, a cylinder, or plurality of cylinders, having closed ends adapted to e wall at one end of said cylinder being adapted to be ruptured, an

mentioned wall, a piston'and piston rod in said extension, means to normally hold said iston away from said wall, there being openings from one side to the other of said piston. 3. In a device of the character described, in combination, a cIylinder', or plurality of cylinders, havin c osed ends adapted to contain liquid, t e wall at one end of -said cylinder being adapted to be ruptured,` an

extension of said cylinder beyond said mentioned wall,a piston and piston rod in said extension, means to normally-hold said piston away from said wall, there being openings from one side to the other of said piston, rupturable materialcoveringl said openin s, and means to rupture said material when'tIie force holding sald piston away from the cylinder wall is overcome.

4. In a device of the character described,v in combination, :a cylinder, or plurality of4 cylinders, havin closed ends-adapted to contain liquid, t e wall at one end of said In, l this cage I can place one of my cylinders and This cylinder can travel with cylinder being adapted to lbe ruptured, an extension oi said cylinder beyond said wall, a

piston and piston rod in said extension,

means to normally hold said piston away from said Wall, there being openings from one side to the other of said piston, rupturable material covering said openings, and means to rupture said material and the rupturable wall 0i the cylinder when the force holding said piston away from the cylinder wall is overcome.

5. In a device of the character described, in combination, a two compartment cylinder' or. plurality of cylinders, the two compartments being separated by a rupturable wall,

one of said compartments being ada ted to contain liquid, a piston and piston ro in the other compartments, there being a liquid passage or passages from one side to the other of said piston, means to normally hold said piston away from said rupturable wall.

6. In a device of the character described, in combination, a two compartment cylmder 'or plurality of cylinders, the two. compartments being separated by a rupturablewall, one of said compartments being ada ted to contain water, a piston and piston ro in the other compartment, means to normally hold said piston away from said rupturable'wall, there being openings from one side to the other of sald piston.

7. In a device ofthe character described, in combination, a two compartment cylinder, or plurality of cylinders, the two Acompartments being xseparated by a rupturable wall, one of said compartments being adapted to contain water, a piston and piston ro in the other compartments, means to normally hold said piston away from 'said rupturable wall, there being openings from one side to the other of said piston, rupturable material covering said openin s, andmeans to rupturev said material `w en the force holding said iston away from the cylinder division wall is overcome.

8. In a device of the character described, in combination, a two compartment cylinder, or plurality of cylinders, the two compartments being separated by a rupturable'wall,

one of said compartments being ada ted t0y contain liquid, the wall at one end. of said cylinder being adapted to be ruptured, an extension of said cylinder beyond said last mentioned wall, a piston and piston lrod in .one of saidcompartments being ada ted to said extension, means to normall lhold said piston away from said wall, tere beinO openings from one side to the other of said piston, and means to rupture said cylinder wall when the force holding said piston away from the cylinder wall is overcome.

10. In a device ofthe character described, in combination, a two lcompartment cylinder, or plurality of cylinders, the two compartments beingseparated by a rupturable wall,

contain water, a piston and piston ro in the other compartments, means to normally holdsaid piston away from said rupturable 15 wall, there bein openings from one side to the other of said plston, and means to ru ture said cylinder division wall when t e force holding said piston away from said cylinder division Wall is overcome. l

' In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name to this specification in presence of two witnesses.

EDGAR JOHN YOUNG. 

